Ukunqongophala kwe-semiconductor kusahleli.
Njengoko imfuno yeemoto zombane iqhubeka nokunyuka (iimoto ezininzi zombane zabhaliswa kwi-2021 kunokuba kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo idibene, ngokutsho koMbutho wabavelisi beeMoto kunye nabahwebi), imfuno ye-microchips kunye ne-semiconductors iyanda.Ngelishwa, ukunqongophala kwe-semiconductor obekuqhubeka ukusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2020 kusekho kwaye kusaqhubeka nokuchaphazela ishishini lezithuthi zombane.
Iimbangela zokunqongophala okuqhubekayo
Ikhredithi yeFoto: Getty Images
Ubhubhani uthatha inxalenye yetyala lokunqongophala kwe-microchip eqhubekayo, kunye neefektri ezininzi, amazibuko, kunye nemizi-mveliso ejongene nokuvalwa kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi, kwenziwe mandundu ngenxa yokunyuka kwemfuno ye-elektroniki ngokuhlala-ekhaya kunye nokusebenza-ekhaya.Ngokuthe ngqo kwishishini leemoto zombane, ukwanda kweselfowuni kunye nemfuno yetshiphu ye-elektroniki yanyanzela abavelisi ukuba babonelele ngemveliso ye-semiconductor elinganiselweyo kwiimodeli ezinomda wenzuzo ephezulu, iiselfowuni.
Inani elilinganiselweyo labavelisi be-microchip nabo bongeze ukunqongophala okuqhubekayo, kunye ne-Asia-based TMSC kunye ne-Samsung elawula ngaphezu kweepesenti ze-80 zemarike.Ayipheleli nje ekugxininiseni kakhulu kwimarike, kodwa ikwandisa ixesha lokukhokela kwi-semiconductor.Ixesha lokukhokela-ixesha eliphakathi kokuba umntu e-odola imveliso naxa ithunyelwa ngenqanawa-inyuke yaya kutsho kwiiveki ezingama-25.8 ngoDisemba ka-2021, iintsuku ezintandathu ubude kunenyanga engaphambili.
Esinye isizathu sokunqongophala kwe-microchip simfuno enkulu yezithuthi zombane.Akunjalo nje ukuba izithuthi zombane ziye zanda ekuthengisweni nasekuthandeni, ngakumbi kubonwa kwi-plethora yeentengiso ze-Super Bowl LVI, kodwa isithuthi ngasinye sifuna iichips ezininzi.Ukuyibeka ngokwembono, iFord Focus isebenzisa iitshiphusi ezimalunga nama-300 zesemiconductor, ngelixa iMach-e yombane isebenzisa phantse iitshiphusi zesemiconductor ezingama-3,000.Ngamafutshane, abavelisi be-semiconductor abanakukwazi ukuqhubeka nemfuno yemoto yombane yeechips.
Iimpendulo zika-2022 ezivela kuShishino lweZithuthi zoMbane
Ngenxa yokunqongophala okuqhubekayo, iinkampani zeemoto zombane kuye kwafuneka zenze utshintsho olubalulekileyo okanye ukuvalwa.Ngokumalunga neenguqu, ngoFebruwari 2022 uTesla wagqiba ekubeni asuse enye yeeyunithi ezimbini zokulawula i-elektroniki ezibandakanyiweyo kwii-racks zokulawula iimoto zabo zeModel 3 kunye neModel Y ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zokuthengisa zekota yesine.Esi sigqibo sasijongene nokunqongophala kwaye sele sichaphazele amashumi amawaka ezithuthi kubathengi baseTshayina, eOstreliya, eUnited Kingdom, eJamani nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.U-Tesla akazange azise abathengi ngoku kususwa ngenxa yokuba inxalenye ayifuni kwaye ayidingeki kwinqanaba le-2 lokuncedisa umqhubi.
Ngokuphathelele ukuvalwa, ngoFebruwari ka-2022 iFord yabhengeza ukumisa okwethutyana okanye ukutshintshwa kwemveliso kwizityalo ezine zaseMntla Melika ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemicrochip.Oku kuchaphazela ukuveliswa kweFord Bronco kunye ne-Explorer SUVs;iFord F-150 kunye neRanger pickups;iFord Mustang Mach-E yokuwela umbane;kunye neLincoln Aviator SUV kwizityalo eMichigan, Illinois, Missouri, naseMexico.
Ngaphandle kokuvalwa, iFord ihleli inethemba.Abaphathi bakwaFord baxelele abatyali-mali ukuba umthamo wemveliso yehlabathi uya kunyuka nge-10 ukuya kwi-15 yeepesenti ngokubanzi ngo-2022. I-CEO uJim Farley uphinde wathi kwingxelo yonyaka ka-2022 ukuba iFord iceba ukuphinda kabini umthamo wayo wokuvelisa isithuthi sombane ngo-2023 ngenjongo yezithuthi zombane ezimele ubuncinane. Iipesenti ezingama-40 zeemveliso zayo ngo-2030.
Izisombululo ezinokwenzeka
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba zeziphi izinto okanye iziphumo, ukunqongophala kwe-semiconductor kuya kuqhubeka nokuchaphazela ishishini lezithuthi zombane.Njengesiphumo sobonelelo kunye nemiba yejografi ebangela ukunqongophala okukhulu, kuye kwakho uxinzelelo olukhulu lokufumana iifektri ezininzi ze-semiconductor e-US.
Umzi-mveliso weGlobalFoundries eMalta, eNew York
Ikhredithi yeFoto: GlobalFoundries
Umzekelo, iFord isandula ukubhengeza ubambiswano kunye neGlobalFoundries ukuphucula ukwenziwa kweetshiphu zasekhaya kwaye iGM ibhengeze ubambiswano olufanayo kunye neWolfspeed.Ukongeza, abaphathi beBiden bagqibezele "iChips Bill" elindele ukuvunywa yinkongolo.Ukuba yamkelwe, i-50 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi yenkxaso-mali iya kuxhasa ukuveliswa kweetshiphu, uphando kunye nophuhliso.
Nangona kunjalo, kunye ne-70 ukuya kwi-80 yeepesenti yamacandelo ebhetri yangoku ye-semiconductors eyenziwa e-China, imveliso yebhetri yase-US kufuneka inyuke ukuze ibe nethuba lokulwa lokusinda kwi-microchip kunye neshishini lokuvelisa isithuthi sombane.
Ukufumana iindaba ezingakumbi zemoto kunye nemoto yombane, jonga i-Super Bowl LVI yentengiso yemoto yombane, olona luhlu lude lwesithuthi sombane emhlabeni, kunye nohambo oluhamba phambili lokuluthatha e-US.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-28-2022